As Delegações Locais da Autoridade Nacional Independente de Eleições na Argélia: Um Estudo sobre a Organização Estrutural e Jurídica
Palavras-chave:
Autoridade Nacional Independente de Eleições, Organização estrutural, Delegações provinciais (wilayas), Delegações municipais, Integridade eleitoral, ArgéliaResumo
A Argélia adotou o sistema de gestão eleitoral independente como um novo mecanismo para a organização do processo eleitoral por meio da instituição da Autoridade Nacional Independente de Eleições (ANIE) — um avanço institucional sem precedentes introduzido pela Lei Orgânica nº 19-07 e, subsequentemente, consolidado pela Ordenança nº 21-01, conforme alterada e complementada. A Autoridade foi concebida como um órgão nacional autônomo responsável por organizar, supervisionar e fiscalizar o pleito com vistas à consolidação democrática, tendo sido constitucionalizada pela Reforma Constitucional de 2020. Com o objetivo de elucidar o marco organizacional das delegações locais da ANIE, este estudo examina a estrutura organizacional das delegações provinciais (wilayas) e municipais mediante a análise de seus mecanismos de composição e constituição. Os resultados revelam que, embora o arranjo estrutural evidencie progressos significativos rumo à moralização do processo eleitoral, persistem deficiências pontuais — em especial a ingerência contínua da administração municipal na revisão dos cadernos eleitorais e a dependência excessiva de membros do Poder Judiciário. O estudo conclui com recomendações propositivas voltadas ao fortalecimento da autonomia institucional e da eficácia operacional das delegações eleitorais em âmbito local.
Referências
Ahfaydhiya, S., & Koussa, A. (2020). Oversight of presidential elections in Algeria under Organic Law No. 16-10 as amended and supplemented by Organic Law No. 19-08 concerning the electoral regime. Journal of the Voice of Law, 7(1).
Al-Arya, B. (2020). The Independent National Electoral Authority as a newly created mechanism for managing the electoral process in Algeria. Al-Mi'yar Journal of Law, Political and Economic Sciences, 11(2).
Algeria Press Service. (2020). Issuance of the new territorial organization law in the Official Gazette. aps.dz/algerie/81364
Al-Arabi Al-Jadeed. (2021, November 24). Algerian local elections: Voting begins at mobile polling stations. www.alaraby.co.uk
Ben Attia, L., & Helou, H. (2020). Balancing the appreciation of legal rules governing the Independent Electoral Authority and the criticisms of its practical application. Academic Journal of Legal and Political Research, 4(1).
Biouch, S. (2022). The reform trajectory of the Independent National Electoral Authority under Law No. 21-01. Tajseer Journal for Research and Studies, 2(1).
Boukern, T. (2020). Adoption of the independent management system for the electoral process in Algeria: The Independent National Electoral Authority as a model. Journal of Legal and Political Research, 2(2).
Brik, A. (2021). Electoral appeals related to registration on electoral lists in Algeria under Ordinance No. 21-01 containing the organic law on the electoral system. Tabna Journal of Academic Scientific Studies, 4(3).
Independent National Electoral Authority. (2020). Final report on the presidential elections of 12 December 2019. https://ina-elections.dz
Mezyan, A. (2021). The effectiveness of electoral commissions in local elections in light of Ordinance No. 21-01 containing the organic law on the electoral system. Journal of Comparative Legal Studies, 7(2).
Omrani, M., & Karana, A. (2021). The legal regime of the wilaya delegation of the Independent National Electoral Authority. Journal of Human Sciences, 32(2).
Legislation
Constitution of the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria (1996), as amended in 2002, 2008, 2016, and 2020 by Presidential Decree No. 20-442 of 30 December 2020. Official Gazette No. 82.
Law No. 80-08 of 25 October 1980 containing the Electoral Law. Official Gazette No. 44.
Law No. 11-10 of 22 June 2011 concerning the Municipality. Official Gazette No. 37.
Law No. 19-12 of 11 December 2019 amending and supplementing Law No. 84-09 of 4 February 1984 concerning the Territorial Organization of the Country. Official Gazette No. 78.
Ordinance No. 97-07 of 6 March 1997 containing the Organic Law concerning the Electoral Regime. Official Gazette No. 12.
Ordinance No. 21-01 of 10 March 2021 containing the Organic Law concerning the Electoral Regime. Official Gazette No. 17.
Organic Law No. 04-01 of 7 February 2004 amending and supplementing Ordinance No. 97-07 concerning the Electoral Regime. Official Gazette No. 09.
Organic Law No. 12-01 of 12 January 2012 concerning the Electoral Regime. Official Gazette No. 01.
Organic Law No. 16-10 of 25 August 2016 concerning the Electoral Regime. Official Gazette No. 50.
Organic Law No. 19-07 concerning the Independent National Electoral Authority (repealed).
Organic Law No. 19-08 amending and supplementing Organic Law No. 16-10 concerning the Electoral Regime (repealed).
Administrative Decisions
Decision of the Independent National Electoral Authority of 16 November 2019 concerning the appointment of coordinators of municipal delegations at the level of Skikda Wilaya.
Decision of the Independent National Electoral Authority of 24 October 2019 specifying the rules for organizing voting centres and polling stations and their functioning.
Decision of the Independent National Electoral Authority of 19 April 2021 specifying the organization of voting centres and polling stations and their functioning.
Decision No. 26-21 of 21 June 2021 concerning the creation of a general secretariat within the wilaya delegations of the Independent National Electoral Authority.
Decision No. 287 of 9 December 2019 amending Decision No. 245 of 3 December 2019 specifying the nominal list of vice-presidents and public officers for the presidential election of 12 December 2019.
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